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Created by Andy Dervill
Science teacher at
Broadoak Community School England
Web site www.darvill.clara.net
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Wave
Power - energy from the wind on the sea
Introduction How it works More details Advantages Disadvantages Is it renewable?
Introduction
Ocean waves
are caused by the wind as it blows across the sea. Waves are
a powerful source of energy.
The problem
is that it's not easy to harness this energy and convert it
into electricity in large amounts. Thus, wave power stations
are rare. |
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How
it works
There are
several methods of getting energy from waves, but one of the
most effective works like a swimming pool wave machine in reverse.
At a swimming
pool, air is blown in and out of a chamber beside the pool,
which makes the water outside bob up and down, causing waves.
At a wave
power station, the waves arriving cause the water in the chamber
to rise and fall, which means that air is forced in and out
of the hole in the top of the chamber. |
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We place a turbine
in this hole, which is turned by the air rushing in and out. The turbine
turns a generator.
A problem with
this design is that the rushing air can be very noisy, unless a silencer
is fitted to the turbine. The noise is not a huge problem anyway,
as the waves make quite a bit of noise themselves.
More
details
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Once you've
built it, the energy is free, needs no fuel and produces no
waste or pollution.
One big
problem is that of building and anchoring something that can
withstand the roughest conditions at sea, yet can generate a
reasonable amount of power from small waves.
It's not much use if it only works during storms!
A company
called Wavegen now operate a commercial wave power station
called "Limpet" on the Scottish island of Islay,
>> more details in their website....
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>>View
a simulation
from the Greenpeace website, with a good animation of how "Limpet" works |
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A company
called Ocean Power Delivery are developing a method of
offshore wave energy collection, using a floating tube called
"Pelamis".
This long,
hinged tube (about the size of 5 railway carriages) bobs up and
down in the waves, as the hinges bend they pump hydraulic fluid
which drives generators.
Find out
more, including an interactive model, videos and technical
details at www.oceanpd.com |
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Advantages
- The energy
is free - no fuel needed, no waste produced.
- Not expensive
to operate and maintain.
- Can produce
a great deal of energy.
Disadvantages
- Depends on
the waves - sometimes you'll get loads of energy, sometimes nothing.
- Needs a suitable
site, where waves are consistently strong.
- Some designs
are noisy.
- Must be able
to withstand very rough weather.
Is
it renewable?
Wave
power is renewable.
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